Dendritic-Cell Signaling
Laboratory and clinical research has examined TĪ±1ās interaction with
immune signaling pathways and its possible role in dendritic-cell
maturation and antigen presentation.
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peptides
THYMOSIN APLHA-1 [10mg]
$60.00
Thymosin Alpha-1 is a 28-amino-acid immunomodulatory peptide studied for its effects on T cells, dendritic cells and natural-killer cells. Clinical evidence varies by condition, and it is not FDA-approved in the United States.
RESEARCH USE ONLY
Laboratory research
BATCH DOCUMENTATION
Not currently available
PRODUCT FORMAT
10 mg Ā· Lyophilized powder
For laboratory research only. Not for human or animal consumption.
VIP Peptides Ā· Research Compound
Thymosin Alpha-1 Research Profile
Thymosin Alpha-1 (thymalfasin, TĪ±1) is a synthetic 28-amino-acid
immunomodulatory peptide corresponding to the N-terminal sequence of
prothymosin alpha. It has been studied for effects on innate and adaptive
immune responses. Research findings depend on the condition, formulation
and study setting.
28 Amino Acids
Peptide length
Peptide length
Thymalfasin
Also known as TĪ±1
Also known as TĪ±1
1.6 mg / 10 mg
Formats described in research
Formats described in research
Research Use Only
U.S. research-product status
U.S. research-product status
Product Information
About Thymosin Alpha-1
Thymosin Alpha-1 is a synthetic peptide based on the N-terminal
sequence of prothymosin alpha, a protein originally associated with
thymic tissue. It is studied as an immune-modulating compound.
Proposed mechanisms include interaction with Toll-like receptors,
particularly TLR2 and TLR9, on dendritic cells and other
antigen-presenting cells. Research describes downstream NF-ĪŗB and
MAPK signaling, dendritic-cell maturation and changes in
immune-response signaling.
Studies have examined possible effects on Th1-polarized responses,
interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 signaling, CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell
function, and natural-killer (NK) cell activity. These mechanisms
do not establish a general immune-boosting benefit.
Product Specifications
| Product | Thymosin Alpha-1 |
|---|---|
| Other names | Thymalfasin, TĪ±1 |
| Peptide length | 28 amino acids |
| Sequence source | N-terminal sequence of prothymosin alpha |
| Research focus | Immune modulation |
| Formats described | Lyophilized powder; commonly described as 1.6 mg or 10 mg vials |
| U.S. status | Not FDA-approved for marketing |
Research Areas
What Research Has Examined
T-Cell and NK-Cell Function
Studies have examined changes in CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell activity,
immune-cell exhaustion and natural-killer-cell function. Findings
vary across populations and clinical settings.
Chronic Viral Hepatitis
Thymalfasin products have been used or studied for chronic hepatitis
B and C in some countries, including in combination with other
therapies. Findings and approved indications vary by country and
product.
Other Investigational Uses
Research has explored TĪ±1 in immunocompromised states, during or
after cancer treatment, as a vaccine adjuvant, and in sepsis,
COVID-19 and certain cancers. Results are mixed, and these areas do
not establish approved uses for this research product.
Evidence Context
Clinical Findings Vary
Thymosin Alpha-1 has a larger clinical literature than many research
peptides, but the evidence is not consistent across indications.
Some studies report immune or virologic effects; broader claims,
including general immune support in healthy people, are not
established by strong long-term evidence.
In the 2025 phase 3 TESTS trial, involving 1,089 adults included in
the analysis, thymosin Alpha-1 did not show a statistically
significant reduction in 28-day mortality from sepsis compared with
placebo. The trial also found no statistically significant difference
in its secondary or safety outcomes.
Safety & Regulatory Status
Limitations and Product Status
Thymosin Alpha-1 was generally described as well-tolerated in published
clinical experience. Mild injection-site reactions are among the
reported effects. The amount of long-term safety information for
healthy people using it for general immune support is limited.
Thymalfasin products are marketed or approved for specific indications
in some countries. Those country-specific approvals apply to the
relevant regulated product and indication; they do not establish the
status, quality or safety of a research-grade vial.
Thymosin Alpha-1 is not FDA-approved for marketing in the United
States. FDA orphan-drug designations for specific conditions are not
marketing approvals. In December 2024, an FDA advisory committee
majority voted against adding the reviewed Thymosin Alpha-1 substances
to the 503A Bulks List; an advisory-committee vote is not itself an
FDA marketing-approval decision.
For laboratory research only. Not intended for human or animal
consumption, clinical use, diagnosis, treatment, cure, mitigation or
prevention of disease. Research-vial preparation and dosing are not
provided here.
consumption, clinical use, diagnosis, treatment, cure, mitigation or
prevention of disease. Research-vial preparation and dosing are not
provided here.
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